Despite increasing demand for food production, many family farms today define ‘success’ as survival. Rather than trying to maximize profits or become large corporations, farmers often strive to simply continue their lifestyle of working with their hands in nature and preserve natural working lands for future generations (Tew & Barbieri, 2012). However, this goal of survival is becoming difficult to achieve with many farmers feeling as if farming and ranching alone does not provide sufficient income. Moreover, farmers today are also struggling to get the next generation to return to the farm. Accordingly, the average age of the American farmer is increasing, which shows that less young people are entering this occupation (Mace, 2005). As a result, many families are looking for new revenue sources that allow them to sustain their farm operations and continue their way of life. Offering farm experienc...
A manuscript describing the concept-testing of People-First Tourism in rural South Africa was selected by Jafar Jafari for inclusion on the book "TOURISM STRATEGIES: Development, Governance, Climate Change" to be published by UNWTO and the University of Algarve. In this manuscript, we report findings from fieldwork in the Gauteng and Limpopo provinces - the study revealed that vulnerable residents in peri-urban and rural communities use cellphones widely socially and to support their livelihoods; many are involved in some form of entrepreneurial activity targeting other members in their community; the most critical challenges to their ability to raise from poverty and dependence through micro-entrepreneurship are access to micro-credit and access to markets outside their immediate ties/community. We will announce when the book is published and available, but we can send a pdf copy of manuscript upon request.
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